On March 7, Gufran Alam and Taslim Ansari were found in a police station in Dumrah, Bihar State, with nails hammered into their bodies. They had been taken into police custody for allegedly stealing motorcycles. Both died before they reached the hospital; on March 12, media accounts noted the suspension of five police officers for involvement in the deaths. In April the NGO Citizens against Hate petitioned the Supreme Court, alleging that the Bihar police and the doctors who conducted the postmortem colluded to cover up the crime. In June the Supreme Court heard the plea but issued no decision. The Bihar Human Rights Commission started a case on its own motion that confirmed custodial torture. On October 1, the commission ordered the Bihar government to pay compensation to the families of Alam and Ansari.
The trial regarding the custodial death of Rakbar Khan continued. Rajasthan police filed charges in September 2018 and arrested a fourth suspect in August. In July 2018 authorities suspended a senior police officer in Rajasthan after cattle trader Rakbar Khan died in police custody. Villagers reportedly assaulted Khan on suspicion of cow smuggling before authorities picked him up. Police took four hours to transport Khan to a local hospital 2.5 miles away, reportedly stopping for tea along the way, according to media sources. Doctors declared Khan dead upon arrival. State authorities arrested three individuals in connection with the assault and opened a judicial inquiry into the incident.
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The law does not permit authorities to admit coerced confessions into evidence, but NGOs and citizens alleged authorities used torture to coerce confessions. Authorities allegedly also used torture as a means to extort money or as summary punishment. According to human rights experts, the government continued to try individuals arrested and charged under the since-repealed Prevention of Terrorism Act and Terrorist and Disruptive Activities Act. Under the repealed laws, authorities treated a confession made to a police officer as admissible evidence in court.
There were continued reports that police raped female and male detainees. The government authorized the NHRC to investigate rape cases involving police officers. By law the NHRC may also request information about cases involving the army and paramilitary forces, but it has no mandate to investigate those cases. NGOs claimed the NHRC underestimated the number of rapes committed in police custody. Some rape victims were unwilling to report crimes due to social stigma and the possibility of retribution, compounded by a perception of a lack of oversight and accountability, especially if the perpetrator was a police officer or other official. There were reports police officials refused to register rape cases.
In Maoist-affected areas, there were reports of abuses by insurgents and security forces. In May 2018, seven police officers were killed when their vehicle ran over an improvised explosive device (IED) allegedly planted by Maoist insurgents along the road in the Dantewada District in southern Chhattisgarh.
The trend of delaying issuance and renewal of passports to citizens from Jammu and Kashmir continued, sometimes up to two years. The government reportedly subjected applicants born in Jammu and Kashmir, including children born to military officers deployed there, to additional scrutiny and police clearances before issuing them passports.
On September 26, a Supreme Court-appointed juvenile justice committee released a report stating that since August 5, police in Jammu and Kashmir had detained 144 children younger than 18, including a nine-year-old. The children were often detained because of allegations they were throwing stones at law enforcement officers. Many of the detained children were reportedly from the city of Srinagar in Kashmir. Police reportedly informed the committee that all children arrested and lodged in police stations were released on the same day, apart from two children who remained in juvenile homes. One of those two juveniles was reportedly released in mid-October while, as of early November, the other remained detained. 2ff7e9595c
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